Wednesday, August 21, 2013

Dale Brentrup and Daylighting

8-16-13

Dale Brentrup and his research focus on the aspects of daylighting and utilizing this design methodology to reduce the energy consumption of new architecture today.  Since buildings consume about 40% of the energy produced, and of that a bout 20% is devoted to lighting the building.  By reducing this load, designers can create more environmentally friendly and cost efficient buildings.  Unfortunately, the key parts of the design process where the buildings orientation and utilization of daylight are largely determined are the most expedited parts of the design process.  This results in hasty daylighting analysis, if any at all and is detrimental to the energy efficiency of the building in regards to its daylight harvesting. 
Dales goal is to implement a Genetic Algorithm for daylighting in order to account for the short amount of time that designers give to accounting for daylighting in the design.  Daylightning analysis relies on taking luminance data from various control points in a given space.  Through computer programs such as Radiance, these points receive data from the sky vault and can calculate the amount of light reaching the control point based on simulated weather conditions, date, and time of day. From here, daylighting analysis would then utilize various techniques such as manipulating the ceiling slope, shading elements, and the window size and height to try to evenly distribute daylight throughout the space. With the Genetic Algorithm, the computer creates various scenarios of daylighting for a space then selects the most efficient method and builds from that until an optimal lighting condition is reached.  This process can speed up the analysis through automation and can quickly give the designer optimal dimensions and measurements for lighting elements such as light shelves, ceiling height, and ceiling slope.

Unfortunately, there’s no way to determine the absolute efficiency until the systems are implemented into the built environment.  This is simply because nature can act very differently than a computer program at points.  What the daylighting lab gives us is a good representation of the general nature of daylighting specific to an area.  It allows us to prepare for given conditions that have been previously recorded and averaged so that, as designers, we can prepare for the trends that we have already seen.

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